AI and data laws

311 moving · 704 enacted

AI and machine learning

556 on file · 318 became law · 142 still moving · 23 moved in 30 days

China
ChinaPresidential Order No. 61

Decision Amending the Cybersecurity Law

Amends the Cybersecurity Law to add a provision supporting AI research, infrastructure, ethics and risk monitoring, raise fines for network security violations, and align liability with the Data Security Law and Personal Information Protection Law.

In force
Texas
TexasHB 149

Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (TRAIGA)

Bans developing or deploying AI systems for certain intentional harms such as behavioral manipulation toward self-harm, unlawful discrimination, government social scoring and sexual deepfakes of minors, requires state agencies to disclose AI use to consumers, and creates an AI regulatory sandbox and the Texas Artificial Intelligence Council, enforced by the attorney general.

In force
Vietnam
Vietnamunverified

Law on Digital Technology Industry

Provides a legal framework for Viet Nam's digital technology industry, including semiconductors, AI, digital technology parks and digital assets.

In force
United Nations
United NationsA/RES/79/1 (annex I)

Global Digital Compact (Pact for the Future)

The Global Digital Compact, annexed to the Pact for the Future, sets shared objectives on closing digital divides, an inclusive and safe digital space, data governance and international AI governance, including the decision to create a scientific panel and global dialogue on AI.

Adopted
United Nations
United NationsA/RES/80/173

WSIS+20 review outcome document

Outcome of the General Assembly's 20-year review of the World Summit on the Information Society, which makes the Internet Governance Forum a permanent UN forum and schedules the next overall review for 2035.

Adopted
Uruguay
UruguayLey 20.212 (arts. 74 and 75)

Uruguay AI provisions in the 2022 Budget Accountability Law

Tasks the digital government agency AGESIC with designing a national data and artificial intelligence strategy, reporting to Parliament with recommendations for AI regulation, and promoting controlled testing environments for innovative projects.

In force
Colombia
ColombiaPL 043/2025 Senado, 324/2025 Camaraunverified

Colombia AI Regulation Bill

Government framework bill to regulate the development and use of artificial intelligence in Colombia with a risk-based approach that protects fundamental rights, filed by the President with a message of urgency.

In committee
Australia

National AI Plan

Sets out the Australian Government's plan to build AI capability and infrastructure, spread the benefits of AI, and keep Australians safe, including establishing an AI Safety Institute.

Adopted
United Nations
United NationsA/RES/80/58

Artificial intelligence in the military domain (2025)

Reaffirms that international law applies throughout the life cycle of AI in the military domain, takes note of the Secretary-General's report under resolution 79/239 and decides to convene informal exchanges among States in Geneva on its conclusions.

Adopted
United Nations
United NationsA/RES/80/57

Lethal autonomous weapons systems (2025)

Third General Assembly resolution on lethal autonomous weapons systems, calling on parties to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons to complete the elements of an instrument under development in the Group of Governmental Experts with a view to future negotiations.

Adopted
United States (federal)
United States (federal)Executive Order 14363

Launching the Genesis Mission

Launches the Genesis Mission, a Department of Energy led effort to build an AI platform using federal scientific datasets to accelerate research.

In force
United Nations
United NationsUNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of Neurotechnology

Recommendation on the Ethics of Neurotechnology

A UNESCO standard-setting recommendation, mandated by the 42nd General Conference in November 2023, that gives Member States shared values, principles and concrete policy actions for the ethical development and use of neurotechnology.

Adopted
United States (federal)

GAIN AI Act of 2025

Would require companies seeking licenses to export advanced AI chips to countries of concern to certify that U.S. buyers get priority access.

Introduced
California

California AI Transparency Act

Requires large generative AI providers to offer a free AI detection tool and to embed disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content.

In force
California

Companion Chatbots

Requires companion chatbot operators to disclose that the chatbot is AI, maintain protocols against suicide and self-harm content, add safeguards for known minors and report annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention.

In force
Italy
ItalyLegge 23 settembre 2025, n. 132

Italian AI Law (Law No. 132 of 2025)

Italy's national framework law on artificial intelligence, setting human-centred principles for the research, development and use of AI systems and delegating the government to adopt implementing legislative decrees.

In force
European Union
European UnionCOM(2025) 723

Apply AI Strategy

Commission communication to speed up AI adoption in industry and the public sector through sectoral flagships, SME support, an Apply AI Alliance and an AI Observatory.

Adopted
European Union
European UnionCOM(2022) 496

AI Liability Directive

Proposed directive adapting non-contractual civil liability rules to AI, including disclosure of evidence and a rebuttable presumption of causality, which the Commission withdrew.

Withdrawn
California

Cartwright Act: Common Pricing Algorithms

Makes it unlawful under the Cartwright Act to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a conspiracy to restrain trade or to coerce others into adopting its recommended prices.

In force
Montana
MontanaHB 178

Limit government use of AI systems

Limits state and local government use of AI systems, prohibits certain uses such as cognitive behavioral manipulation, and requires disclosure and human review of AI-generated decisions.

In force
Nevada
NevadaAB 325

Artificial intelligence in emergency management plans

Requires state and local emergency management plans to ensure final emergency response and resource decisions are not made by artificial intelligence and bars utilities from shutting off service based solely on AI.

In force
California

Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act

Requires large frontier AI developers to publish frontier AI frameworks and transparency reports, report critical safety incidents to the state, protects whistleblowers and sets up a consortium to plan a public computing cluster called CalCompute.

In force
United States (federal)

AI LEAD Act

Would create a federal product liability cause of action for harms caused by AI systems.

Introduced